Video Streaming Platform

Video Streaming Platform with ingest, transcode, CDN distribution, and adaptive bitrate playback.

Requirements

Functional Requirements

• Upload/live ingest, transcode renditions, playback manifests
• DRM/tokenized playback, QoE collection

Non-functional Requirements

• Low startup delay and rebuffer ratio
• Scalable transcode and origin egress

High-Level Design

• Ingest → transcode → origin → multi-CDN
• QoE events pipeline

Capacity & Sizing

• Concurrent streams, average bitrate, peak egress
• Transcode job rates and profiles

Key Components

• Ingest, Transcoder, Origin, CDN, QoE pipeline

Architecture

Data Model

• assets (asset_id PK, user_id, status, created_at)
• renditions (asset_id, profile, url)
• playbacks (asset_id, session_id, ts, qoe)

APIs

• POST /api/assets { uploadUrl }
• GET /api/assets/:id
• GET /play/:id.m3u8

Hot Path

1. Ingest → transcode → origin → CDN → player

Caching & TTL

• CDN cache manifests/chunks with short TTL; purge on updates

Scaling

• GPU autoscaling for transcode
• Origin shielding and cache control
• Chunked uploads

Trade-offs

• Latency vs quality ladder depth
• Storage cost vs rendition count
• DRM vs playback compatibility

Failure Modes & Mitigations

• Transcode failure → retry and fallback
• CDN outage → multi-CDN
• Playback errors → degrade bitrate

Observability

• SLIs: start time, rebuffer ratio
• CDN hit ratio
• Transcode queue depth